花语故事

紫砂壶四大型态巧考证宜兴壶公鲍建南

一部近代紫砂店号、公司的兴衰史,即为特定年代的标志和象征,这可以从紫砂店号、公司、特定年代茶壶的印款上反映出来,也是鉴别紫砂器的真伪和紫砂标准器断代的基本要素之一。往往有些人在研究紫砂历史时,只注意名家名作的茶壶印款,只偏重名人的早、中、晚期的艺名、斋名以及姓氏的改动、易名、变迁等等,而忽略了店号、公司或特定年代的茶壶印款,这是研究壶史的专家、学者们所应重视的问题之一。这里,笔者将历来参与文物普查所知的一些近代紫砂の著名店号、大师与作品介绍,以期能得到方家同仁指点,权作抛砖引玉之举。

二、一部清光绪年间至十六年(1881~1890)期间所用茶壶印款,龙印花印章大而方正,有单边双边区分,一般为单边。龙花图案大方简练,有仿光绪年间钱币龙图案镌刻。(图 1, 2)

三、二部权寅陶器店创立于光绪十五年(1890),为清末著名制壶艺人邵赦大(权寅)所创立,店面一间,店址蜀山南街。邵赦大先制壶后经营,用“权寅赦记”四字楷书方正回纹边框印自制有作者小方章“邵赦大”,订制只在底钤“权寅赦记”章款。

四、三部裕泰陶器店创立于清光绪年间,主蒋贞祥,在蜀山南街以经营紫沙陶器为主,用篆文圆形“阳羡蒋裕泰”,籇文圆形盖钤“裕泰”椭圆形回纹圈内,“蒋贞祥”小字体钤加作者小方章。

五、高度提炼万丰陶器行创建于清光绪初叶,由蒋万丰开设于蜀山南街,其用工精良,用明确醒目的大型篆书风格刻铭其名字及作品,如有使用小型篆书风格刻铭其名字及作品,如有更详细记录可见其多样性。

六、“愙斋”特定年代茶壶印款,为吴大澂收藏品中的一部分,是由金石书法家黄玉麟仿古制作,并且还有俞国良根据吴府规矩制作出传炉式。此外,还有一些其他类型如橄榄式等,“愙斋”的阳文籇書方式并非一人独有的,而是一种流行趋势,那时不仅艺术家如此做,而且一些商业手段也采用此类设计使得商品更加具有吸引力。

七、“阳羡-purple Sand" is a company that was established during the Qing dynasty. It was founded by a group of artisans who were skilled in the art of purple sand pottery. The company produced high-quality purple sand tea sets and other ceramics that were highly sought after by collectors and connoisseurs.

八、“豫丰" is a type of purple sand pottery that was popular during the late Qing dynasty. It is characterized by its unique shape and design, which features a combination of traditional Chinese motifs with modern elements.

九、“铁画轩" is another type of purple sand pottery that was popular during the early 20th century. It is known for its intricate designs and patterns, which are often inspired by nature.

十、“陈鼎和" is a type of purple sand pottery that was popular during the early 20th century. It is known for its elegant designs and patterns, which are often inspired by traditional Chinese art.

十一、「福康」is one such brand from this era whose name suggests prosperity or good fortune. The "富贵不断头" image on their teapots symbolizes continuous wealth while also hinting at longevity.

十二、「吴德盛」is yet another well-known brand from this period in history with an owner named Wu Hanwen who established his shop near Fozhou Bridge in Yixing County around 1916.

十三、「新福康」is still another famous brand originating from Yixing County's Cangshan District where it began as "新福康商标". Its founder Xu Zongyuan opened up shop there sometime between 1925-1933.

十四、「松鹤轩」的品牌则是在这个时代中产生的一个非常受欢迎的人物,它代表着一种宁静与高洁的心境

以上几种不同类型和不同的生产工艺都各具特色,他们不仅展示了当时社会经济状况,更反映了一批艺术家的才华和技术水平。在这些特殊时期,每一个品牌都对中国美术文化做出了自己的独到贡献。